Modelling the population dynamics of brown planthopper. The predatory activity of cyrtorhinus lividipennis against bph has been investigated widely and the results. The use of larval anatomy in the study of bark beetles. Ovipositional preference and larval performance of poplar defoliator, clostera restitura on different poplar clones in northwestern india. Biology and evolution of crocodylians, by gordon grigg and david kirshner. Introduction for many decades, insecticides have been widely used to control rice pests. Effects of temperature on the development of green mirid. This page was last edited on 7 october 2019, at 03. Insectresistant transgenic plants in a multitrophic context. Ecological engineering cropping methods for enhancing predator.
Experiments were conducted inlaboratory to study the impacts of ricegenotypes and rice plants treated withdifferent levels of nitrogen on the predationrates of the predator, cyrtorhinuslividipennis reuter, for eggs of the rice brownplanthopper bph, nilaparvata lugensstal, and their relation to the ricevolatiles. In this study, we focus on cyrtorhinus lividipennis. Feeding biology of campylomma livida reuter hemiptera. The functional response of cyrtorhinus lividipennis feeding on brown planthopper bph and green leafhopper glh eggs was found to be hollings type ii. Observations on some aspects of the biology of cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter heteroptera. Conditions that differentiate dynamic behaviors exhibited by the. Miridae is a major predator of the eggs and young nymphs of planthoppers, and it is a primary factor regulating the population density of n. Conditions that differentiate dynamic behaviors exhibited by the model are. In the present study, we describe the biology, life habits, and body size differences between nymph and adult stages of the endemic species s. Miridae is an important egg predator of planthoppers which are destructive rice pests. In twochoice test, the predatorfemales showed different predation rates. Comparative biology and prey preference of cyrtorhinus lividipennis. Crylab rice does not impact biological characters and. To analyse the model theoretically, the geometric singular perturbation method is employed.
One concern about the use of transgenic plants is their potential risk to natural enemies. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. It is estimated that weeds, plant diseases, and pre and postharvest pests. Pdf biology of wolf spider lycosa pseudoannulata boesenberg. Research and extension publications the shelton lab. Sciencedirect cry1ab rice does not impact biological characters and functional response of cyrtorhinus lividipennis preying on nilaparvata lugens eggs chen yang1, lai fengxiang1, sun yanqun1, hong liying1, tian junce2, zhang zhitao1, fu qiang1 1state key laboratory. Potential of the mirid bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis. The functional response ofcyrtorhinus lividipennis feeding on brown planthopper bph and green leafhopper glh eggs was found to be hollings type ii. Crylab rice does not impact biological characters and functional. Maize insect pests time of planting part ii uploaded by james litsinger litsinger ja, dela cruz c. In this work, the control of brown planthopper, a major pest of rice, when a biological control agent cyrtorhinus lividipennis and a pathogen beauveria bassiana are utilized is investigated mathematically. Genus peregrinus kirkaldy, 1904 planthoppers of north. Pdf effects of prey number and stage on the biology of. Predation of cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter on eggs of.
Effects of prey number and stage on the biology of cyrtorhinus. Searching efficiency a and handling time th of cyrtorhinus female were estimated to be 0. Impacts of transgenic cry1ab rice on nontarget planthoppers and their main predator cyrtorhinus lividipennis a case study on the compatibility of bt rice with biological control. Potential of the mirid bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter. The functional response of cyrtorhinus was found to fit hollings type 2 model. Most common are the larvae and adults of beetles order coleoptera, larvae of the order lepidoptera and grasshoppers order orthoptera. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. The biology, nymphal stages, and life habits of the. Miridae is an important natural enemy of eggs and young nymphs of rice planthoppers. Common name isynonym i other names i cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter, 1885. Appears in books from 19862007 page 72 doi k, izawa t, fuse t, yamanouchi u, kubo t, shimatani z, yano m, yoshimura a. Use of spiders as natural enemies to control rice pests in korea.
Role of honey and sucrose as kairomones to the predatory mirid bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter. Proceedings of the hawaiian entomological society, 25. Transgenic bt plants produce toxins instead of protoxins, as only the part of the gene that codes for the active toxin is inserted in the plant genome. The study assessed the impact of certain potential insecticides used in the rice ecosystem on the miridbug predator and brown planthopper through contact toxicity. Cyrtorhinus caricis fallen, 1807 cyrtorhinus fulvus knight, 1935.
In order to evaluate the potential control capability, functional and numerical responses of c. Role of cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter hemiptera, miridae. Identification and expression analysis of putative. Biology and predation of the mirid bug, cyrtorhinus. However, five tests showed higher values of the n exponent. Biological sciences avocado diseases and pests avocados biological pest control research heteropterans pests biological control predation biology. Both the nymph and adult stages are important predators of hopper eggs. Adw doesnt cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Use of spiders as natural enemies to control rice pests in. The least predation rate was achieved by the first instar 3. Crylab rice does not impact biological characters and functional response of cyrtorhinus lividipennis preying on nilaparvata lugens eggs. The green mirid bug cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter is a member of the family miridae. Kairomonal activity of insect body extracts of rice planthoppers and leafhopper on. Effects of temperature on the development of green mirid bug.
The green miridbug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis, an important natural enemy of the rice brown planthopper bph, nilaparvata lugens plays a major role as a predator in suppressing the pest population. Pdf ecological engineering cropping methods for enhancing. Effect of rice lines transformed with bacillus thuringiensis toxin genes on the brown planthopper and its predator cyrtorhinus lividipennis. Rice field spiders available in korea the spiders living in rice fields in korea comprise 27. In this study, using the eggs of the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, as a food source, we investigated the effects of cry1ab rice on the biological characteristics and functional response of an important predator cyrtorhinus lividipennis. As in most groups of insects, scientific research on the chrysomelidae began in europe in 1758, with the description of a few genera and species by the scandinavian entomologists c. National institutes of health the european molecular biology laboratory state secretariat for education. Journal of the australian entomological society 29. Risk assessment of insecticides used in rice on miridbug. Impacts of transgenic cry1ab rice on nontarget planthoppers and their main predator cyrtorhinus lividipennisa case study on the compatibility of bt rice with biological control. So far, genetic engineering of plants in the context of insect pest control has involved insertion of genes that code for toxins, and may be characterized as the incorporation of biopesticides into c.
Functional and numerical responses of cyrtorhinus lividipennis to. A comparative study of the bionomics of peregrinus maidis ashmead and its eggpredator, cyrtorhinus mundulus breddin and the toxicity of several contact and systemic insects to the two species. Crop protection may be achieved by host plant resistance and biological control. Biology of the leafhopper cicadulina chinai ghauri homoptera. Cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter is widely distributed in southeast asia, australia, and the pacific islands. There was no significant difference in adultlongevities on food sources. When aiming for durable crop protection, one should address these interactions dicke, 1999. To characterise further this insecticide target from pests that cause millions of. It preys on the eggs, nymphs, and adults of rice leafhoppers and planthoppers and has been considered an effective predator of the bph heong et al. Comparative biology and prey preference of cyrtorhinus.
V jhansi lakshmi, pasalu, i c and krishnaiah, k 2007. With the development of genetic engineering technology, a. In twochoice test, the predatorfemales showed different predation. The chemosensory genes in the mirid antennae play important. Dynamical modeling of the control of brown planthoppers by. The predatory mirid cyrtorhinus megalurothrips usitatus corn leafhopper cicadulina bimaculata evans and possibly thrips thrips palmi karny and megalurothrips the lacewing chrysopa sp. In asian rice systems, the predatory bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter heteroptera.
Predation by different instars of mirid, cyrtorhinus lividipennis on eggs of brown plant hopper bph, nilaparvata lugens, showed high predation rate by adult female 8. Abstract greenhouse and field experiments were carried out in india to investigate the biology and potential for use in biological control of the predacious mirid cyrtorhinus lividipennis reut. Management of rice insect pests radcliffes ipm world textbook. In this work, a mathematical model is proposed to investigate the population dynamics of brown planthopper, which is a major insect pest of rice, and its natural enemies namely cyrtorhinus lividipennis and lycosa pseudoannulata. The brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stal hemiptera. The results showed that the survival ability adult. Effect of european wheat striate mosaic, acquired by feeding on diseased plants, on the biology of its planthopper vector javesella pellucida. The mirid predator cyrtorhinus lividipennis was observed in the laboratory for eclosion, molting, mating, and egg deposition behavior. Defoliation reduces the photosynthetic capacity of the rice plant and thereby decreases yields. Proteomic analysis of insecticide triazophosinduced mating.
Variation in number of instars, longevity, and fecundity of cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter hemiptera. The insect gaba receptor, rdl resistance to dieldrin, is a cysloop ligandgated ion channel cyslgic that plays a central role in neuronal signaling, and is the target of several classes of insecticides. Biology and host preference of cyrtorhinus lividipennis and tytthus parviceps and their predatory efficiency on rice planthoppers and leafhoppers. However, the continuous use of a wide range of pesticides has caused many side effects, including loss of biodiversity, the problem of secondary pests, insecticide resistance, residual toxicity, the resurgence of insect pests, and environmental pollution. Maximizing the crop yield on a limited area of arable land is an absolute necessity. Maize planting time and arthropod abundance in southern mindanao, philippines. Delphacidae, is a classic example of a resurgent pest induced by insecticides.
The nymphs, through peristalsis movement of the body, pushed. Cloning and functional characterisation of the duplicated. A large group of insects belonging to several insect orders feed on rice leaves. Material in the european museums was examined on the return trip to the u. Cyrtorhinus preferred bph egg over the first instar nymph and other hopper glh and wbph eggs. Ion channels and g proteincoupled receptors gpcrs as targets for pest control. It has been demonstrated that triazophos treatment causes an increase in the content of male accessory gland proteins acps that can be transferred to females via mating, influencing female reproduction. New species of mammals from northern south america. When given 30 eggs of nilaparvata lugens stal daily, males and females of cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter took 10.
Role of rice volatiles in the foraging behaviour of the. An impulsive mathematical model accounted for the population densities of susceptible brown planthoppers brown planthoppers that are susceptible to beauveria bassiana, infected brown. Cyrtorhinus is a genus of plant bugs in the family miridae. Predation of cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter on eggs of the. Taxonomic placement, host range monophagous, oligophagous, or polyphagous, plantpart feeding preference foliage, reproductive part inflorescences, pollen, seeds, or all, and feeding habit herbivorous. Comparative biology and prey preference of cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter and tytthus parviceps reuter hemiptera. The random predator equation fitted the data satisfactorily. There are at least three described species in cyrtorhinus. Other spider cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter probably ta acb moths and atherigona oryzae malloch adults. Cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter and suppression of planthopper. The study assessed the impact of certain potential insecticides used in the rice ecosystem on the miridbug predator and brown planthopper through. Co 51 to enhance predatory mirid bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis. Biology of cantheconidia furcellata wolff, a pentatomid predator of rivula sp.
The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Conventional plant breeding and biological control have been developed independently, but they may interact in various ways. Proteomic analysis of insecticide triazophosinduced. Insectresistant transgenic plants in a multitrophic. T2a1 exhibits high resistance against lepidopteran pests of rice. Scope of plant protection a practical point of view. Maize insect pests time of planting part ii docshare. There was, however, no evidence of switching and the ratio of the. The mirid predator cyrtorhinus lividipennis was observed in the laboratory for. This abundant and active predator is commonly found on. Cyrtorhinus lividipennis that had emerged up to 6 hr previously were placed individually into cylindrical mylar film cages 12.
Biology of stethoconus praefectus distant heteroptera. The use of larval anatomy in the study of bark beetles coleoptera. Genus peregrinus kirkaldy, 1904 planthoppers of north america. Cyrtorhinus lividipennis itis standard report page. Selection of nectar plants for use in ecological engineering. This species is able to survive periods of unavailability of delphacid prey by switching to alternative prey, including conspecifics 18. Observations on some aspects of the biology of cyrtorhinus. Biology and predation of the mirid bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter on plant and leafhoppers in rice. Bt rice expressing cry2aa does not harm cyrtorhinus. Ehdl, a btype response regulator in rice, confers shortday promotion of flowering and controls ftlike gene expression independently of hdl. Miridae, a newly established predator of the avocado lace bug, pseudacysta perseae heteroptera. T2a1 is a newly developed transgenic rice that expresses a synthesized cry2aa gene driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter.
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